A Handbook of Modern Japan

reason. But it is hoped that the varieties of transliteration in this book are too few to confuse. The author is under special obligations to Professor J. H. Wigmore, formerly a teacher in Tōkyō, and now Dean of the Northwestern Law School, Chicago, for kind criticisms and suggestions; to Mr. Frederick W. Gookin, the art critic, of Chicago, for similar assistance, and for the chapter on “Æsthetic Japan,” which is entirely his composition; and also under general obligations for the varied assistance of many friends, too numerous to mention, in Japan and America. He has endeavored to be accurate, but doubts not that he has made mistakes. He only asks that the book be judged merely for what it claims to be,—a Handbook of Modern Japan . Ernest Wilson Clement. NOTE TO NEW REVISED EDITION THE eight years which have elapsed since this book was revised have been so crowded with great events that another revision seems advisable in order to make the book yet more timely and as valuable as possible. Whenever it was practicable, the statements and statistics in both the body and the appendix of the book have been brought up to date. In some cases, but only a very few, it was impossible to alter the text without breaking up the paging; therefore the original text was allowed to stand, and the corrections have been indicated in notes or some other way. A new chapter, moreover, has been added, with new illustrations, and presents as concisely and yet as comprehensively as possible the facts which warrant its caption, “Greater Japan.” Tōkyō , January, 1913. CONTENTS Page I. Physiography 1 II. Industrial Japan 16 III. Travel, Transportation, Commerce 29 IV. People, Houses, Food, Dress 44 V. Manners and Customs 60 VI. Japanese Traits 76 VII. History (Old Japan) 90 VIII. History (New Japan) 102 IX. Constitutional Imperialism 118 X. Local Self-Government 133 XI. Japan as a World Power 146 XII. Legal Japan 159 XIII. The New Woman in Japan 175 XIV. Language and Literature 191 XV. Education 209 XVI. Æsthetic Japan 222 XVII. Disestablishment of Shintō 237 XVIII. Confucianism, Bushidō, Buddhism 250 XIX. Japanese Christendom 262 XX. Twentieth Century Japan 277 XXI. The Mission of Japan 289 THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR 305 GREATER JAPAN 329 APPENDIX 343 INDEX 415 ILLUSTRATIONS Page The Late Emperor Meiji Tenno Frontispiece Nagasaki Harbor 10 Lighthouse Inland Sea 10 Cotton Mills, Ōsaka 20…