Japan: From the Japanese Government History

Opposed to General Bilderding at the Commander-in-Chief of the First Battle of Mukden Japanese Army GENERAL KUROPATKIN Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army in the Far East GENERAL LIGNIEVITCH GENERAL NOGI Successor to General Kuropatkin Japanese Commander before Port Arthur GENERAL OKU MARSHAL OYAMA Opposed to General Kaulbars at the Commander of the Japanese Field Battle of Mukden Forces. Victor at Liao-yang, Sha-ho and Mukden From drawings made by H. W. Koekkoek from photographs THE HISTORY OF NATIONS HENRY CABOT LODGE, Ph. D., LL. D. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF JAPAN From the Japanese Government History Edited With Supplementary Chapters by K. ASAKAWA Instructor in Japanese Civilization Yale University Illustrated P F COLLIER & SON PUBLISHERS NEW YORK Copyright, 1907, by John D. Morris & Company Copyright, 1910, by The H. W. Snow & Son Company Copyright, 1913, by P. F. Collier & Son Designed, Printed, and Bound at The Collier Press, New York THE HISTORY OF NATIONS EDITOR-IN-CHIEF HENRY CABOT LODGE, Ph.D., LL.D. Associate Editors and Authors ARCHIBALD HENRY SAYCE, LL.D., Professor of Assyriology, Oxford University CHRISTOPHER JOHNSTON, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Professor of Oriental History and Archaeology, Johns Hopkins University C.W.C. OMAN, LL.D., Professor of History, Oxford University THEODOR MOMMSEN, Late Professor of Ancient History, University of Berlin ARTHUR C. HOWLAND, Ph.D., Department of History, University of Pennsylvania CHARLES MERIVALE, LL.D., Late Dean of Ely, formerly Lecturer in History, Cambridge University J. HIGGINSON CABOT, Ph.D., Department of History, Wellesley College SIR WILLIAM W. HUNTER, F.R.S., Late Director-General of Statistics in India GEORGE M. DUTCHER, Ph.D., Professor of History, Wesleyan University SIR ROBERT K. DOUGLAS, Professor of Chinese, King's College, London JEREMIAH WHIPPLE JENKS, Ph.D., LL.D., Professor of Political Economy and Politics, Cornell University KANICHI ASAKAWA, Ph.D., Instructor in the History of Japanese Civilization, Yale University WILFRED HAROLD MUNRO, L.H.D., Professor of European History, Brown University G. MERCER ADAM, Historian and Editor FRED MORROW FLING, Ph.D., Professor of European History, University of Nebraska FRANÇOIS AUGUSTE MARIE MIGNET, Late Member of the French Academy JAMES WESTFALL THOMPSON, Ph.D., Department of History, University of Chicago SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, LL.D., Professor of Modern History, King's College, London P.W. JOYCE, LL.D., Commissioner for the Publication of the Ancient Laws of Ireland JUSTIN McCARTHY, LL.D., Author and Historian AUGUSTUS HUNT SHEARER, Ph.D., Instructor in History, Trinity College, Hartford W. HAROLD CLAFLIN, B.A.,