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Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases

by Peter Mark Roget

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Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases is an encyclopedic reference work structured as a classification of vocabulary rather than an alphabetic dictionary. First created in 1805 by Peter Mark Roget and published in 1852, it organises approximately 15,000 words into six primary classes, with further subdivisions based on meaning clusters and semantic relationships. The categorisation emphasizes shades of meaning within conceptual spectrums, allowing users to find words related by context rather than simple alphabetic proximity. This approach offers a systematic framework for understanding the nuances and connections among English words, with subsequent editions expanding the vocabulary to over 443,000 entries, reflecting changes in contemporary language while retaining the original organisational principles.

The work belongs to the reference genre of dictionaries and encyclopedias designed for linguistic and lexical research. It serves as a tool for writers, scholars, and students seeking synonyms, related terms, or insights into word relations. Its unique classification system distinguishes it from traditional alphabetic dictionaries, making it a significant contribution to 19th-century lexicography and language reference.

From the opening pages

existence. presence &c. (existence in space) 186 ; coexistence &c. 120 . stubborn fact, hard fact; not a dream &c. 515 ; no joke. center of life, essence, inmost nature, inner reality, vital principle. [Science of existence], ontology. V. exist, be; have being &c. n.; subsist, live, breathe, stand, obtain, be the case; occur &c. (event) 151 ; have place, prevail; find oneself, pass the time, vegetate. consist in, lie in; be comprised in, be contained in, be constituted by. come into existence &c. n.; arise &c. (begin) 66 ; come forth &c. (appear) 446 . become &c. (be converted) 144 ; bring into existence &c. 161 . abide, continue, endure, last, remain, stay. Adj. existing &c. v.; existent, under the sun; in existence &c. n.; extant; afloat, afoot, on foot, current, prevalent; undestroyed. real, actual, positive, absolute; true &c. 494 ; substantial, substantive; self-existing, self-existent; essential. well-founded, well-grounded; unideal , unimagined; not potential &c. 2 ; authentic. Adv. actually &c. adj.; in fact, in point of fact, in reality; indeed; de facto, ipso facto. Phr. ens rationis [Lat.] ; ergo sum cogito [Lat.] , thinkest thou existence doth depend on time? [Byron]. #2. Inexistence — N. inexistence ; nonexistence, nonsubsistence; nonentity, nil; negativeness &c. adj.; nullity; nihility , nihilism; tabula rasa [Lat.] , blank; abeyance; absence &c. 187 ; no such thing &c. 4 ; nonbeing, nothingness, oblivion. annihilation; extinction &c. (destruction) 162 ; extinguishment, extirpation, Nirvana, obliteration. V. not exist &c. 1 ; have no existence &c. 1 ; be null and void; cease to exist &c. 1 ; pass away, perish; be extinct, become extinct &c. adj.; die out; disappear &c. 449 ; melt away, dissolve, leave not a rack behind; go, be no more; die &c. 360 . annihilate, render null, nullify; abrogate &c. 756 ; destroy &c. 162 ; take away; remove &c. (displace) 185 ; obliterate, extirpate. Adj. inexistent , nonexistent &c. 1 ; negative, blank; missing, omitted; absent &c. 187 ; insubstantial, shadowy, spectral, visionary. unreal, potential, virtual; baseless, in nubibus [Lat.] ; unsubstantial &c. 4 ; vain. unborn, uncreated , unbegotten, unconceived, unproduced, unmade. perished, annihilated, &c. v.; extinct, exhausted, gone, lost, vanished, departed, gone with the wind; defunct &c. (dead) 360 . fabulous, ideal &c. (imaginary) 515 , supposititious &c. 514 . Adv. negatively, virtually &c. adj.. Phr. non ens [Lat.] . 2. BEING, IN THE…

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