The Life of John Marshall, Volume 4: The building of the nation, 1815-1835

War and Marshall's career—Federalists become British partisans—Their hatred of France—Republicans are exactly the reverse—The deep and opposite prejudices of Marshall and Jefferson—Cause of their conflicting views—The people become Europeanized—They lose sight of American considerations—Critical need of a National American sentiment—Origin of the War of 1812—America suffers from both European belligerents—British depredations—Jefferson retaliates by ineffective peaceful methods—The Embargo laws passed—The Federalists enraged—Pickering makes sensational speech in the Senate—Marshall endorses it—Congress passes the "Force Act"—Jefferson practices an autocratic Nationalism—New England Federalists propose armed resistance and openly advocate secession—Marshall rebukes those who resist National authority—The case of Gideon Olmstead—Pennsylvania forcibly resists order of the United States Court—Marshall's opinion in U.S. vs. Judge Peters—Its historical significance—The British Minister repeats the tactics of Genêt—Federalists uphold him—Republicans make great gains in New England—Marshall's despondent letter—Henry Clay's heroic speeches—War is declared—Federalists violently oppose it: "The child of Prostitution"—Joseph Story indignant and alarmed—Marshall proposed as Presidential candidate of the peace party—Writes long letter advocating coalition of "all who wish peace"—Denounces Napoleon and the Decree of St. Cloud—He heads Virginia Commission to select trade route to the West—Makes extended and difficult journey through the mountains—Writes statesmanlike report—Peace party nominates Clinton—Marshall criticizes report of Secretary of State on the causes of the war—New England Federalists determine upon secession—The Administration pamphlet on expatriation—John Lowell brilliantly attacks it—Marshall warmly approves Lowell's essay—His judicial opinions on expatriation—The coming of peace—Results of the war—The new America is born. II. MARSHALL AND STORY 59 Marshall's greatest Constitutional decisions given during the decade after peace is declared—Majority of Supreme Court becomes Republican—Marshall's influence over the Associate Justices—His life in Richmond—His negligent attire—Personal anecdotes—Interest in farming—Simplicity of habits—Holds Circuit Court at Raleigh—Marshall's devotion to his wife—His religious belief—His children—Life at Oak Hill—Generosity—Member of Quoit Club—His "lawyer dinners"—Delights in the reading of poetry and fiction—Familiarity and friendliness—Joseph Story first meets the Chief Justice—Is captivated by his personality—Marshall's dignity in presiding over Supreme Court—Quickness at repartee—Life in Washington—Marshall and Associate Justices live together in same boarding-house—His dislike of publicity—Honorary