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Howards End

by E. M. (Edward Morgan) Forster

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Description

Howards End is a British novel written in the form of a social and domestic narrative, published in 1910. The work examines the intersecting lives of three families in early 20th-century England: the affluent Wilcoxes, the intellectual Schlegel sisters, and the impoverished Basts. The narrative centres on the relationships and conflicts that arise after Margaret Schlegel befriends the Wilcox family matriarch, leading to complex developments involving inheritance, social class, and personal loyalties. The novel explores themes of social change, cultural values, and the moral responsibilities of individuals within a shifting societal landscape.

Set during a period of significant social transition, the novel reflects the tensions between wealth, education, and class mobility in Edwardian Britain. Its detailed characterisations and depiction of social mores provide insight into the period’s cultural dynamics, with a focus on personal relationships and societal expectations. The work is considered a key text in early 20th-century British literature, illustrating the complexities of social hierarchy and the importance of human connection.

From the opening pages

“It isn’t going to be what we expected. It is old and little, and altogether delightful—red brick. We can scarcely pack in as it is, and the dear knows what will happen when Paul (younger son) arrives to-morrow. From hall you go right or left into dining-room or drawing-room. Hall itself is practically a room. You open another door in it, and there are the stairs going up in a sort of tunnel to the first-floor. Three bed-rooms in a row there, and three attics in a row above. That isn’t all the house really, but it’s all that one notices—nine windows as you look up from the front garden. “Then there’s a very big wych-elm—to the left as you look up—leaning a little over the house, and standing on the boundary between the garden and meadow. I quite love that tree already. Also ordinary elms, oaks—no nastier than ordinary oaks—pear-trees, apple-trees, and a vine. No silver birches, though. However, I must get on to my host and hostess. I only wanted to show that it isn’t the least what we expected. Why did we settle that their house would be all gables and wiggles, and their garden all gamboge-coloured paths? I believe simply because we associate them with expensive hotels—Mrs. Wilcox trailing in beautiful dresses down long corridors, Mr. Wilcox bullying porters, etc. We females are that unjust. “I shall be back Saturday; will let you know train later. They are as angry as I am that you did not come too; really Tibby is too tiresome, he starts a new mortal disease every month. How could he have got hay fever in London? and even if he could, it seems hard that you should give up a visit to hear a schoolboy sneeze. Tell him that Charles Wilcox (the son who is here) has hay fever too, but he’s brave, and gets quite cross when we inquire after it. Men like the Wilcoxes would do Tibby a power of good. But you won’t agree, and I’d better change the subject. “This long letter is because I’m writing before breakfast. Oh, the beautiful vine leaves! The house is covered with a vine. I looked out earlier, and Mrs. Wilcox was already in the garden. She evidently loves it. No wonder she sometimes looks tired. She was watching the large red

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